arba kanfot

A tallit katan (see tzitzit)

batlan

"An unemployed or lazy man" (Rosten).

"Someone with intellectual pretensions and half-baked ideas" (Rosten).

"Layabout" (Glinert)

"One who consistently wastes time: Bum, Fainéant" (Weiser).

"A misfit, such as a Talmud student of no promise" (Rosten).

"naive, impractical person" (Steinmetz)

"Someone without a trade or regular means of livelihood" (Rosten).

besamim

"Literally, 'spices.' It almost always refers to the spices in the spice box used for the Havdalah ceremony" (JPS).

Spices

"Modern Israeli slang for illegal drugs" (JPS).

bris

circumcision ceremony; the celebration surrounding it. Lit. covenant.

broiges

angry, annoyed (adj.)

a dispute (n)

chacham

rabbi (Sephardi)

wiseguy

wise, learned person; genius

chassidus

"Chasidism" (Glinert)

cheder

Hebrew and religious classes (often on Sundays) for elementary school children.

chevreman

"One of the guys" (Glinert)

chochmah

"Brains; wisdom; a brilliant idea" (Glinert)

khurbn

"Destruction of the Temple" (Glinert)

Destruction, generally

the Holocaust

mazik

a mischievous person, often a child

(with verb "to be") to ruin partially; damage (Yeshivish usage)

mazume

"A group of three or more adult males who join together to recite the after-meal blessings..." (Steinmetz).

"ready money, cash" (Steinmetz)

mechuten

In laws, more generally (http://www.pass.to/glossary/gloz2.htm#letm).

the father of one's child's spouse, though can sometimes be used to refer to the grandfather of one's grandchild's spouse.

naches

"Proud pleasure, special joy--particularly from the achievements of a child... 2. Psychological reward or gratification." (Rosten)

sheymes

n., such content

adj., of or relating to printed material, such as a book or even an audio recording, that contains the name of God, and therefore must not be erased, put on the floor, etc., out of respect for the Divine Name

yontif

a Jewish holiday, especially one on which work is prohibited (in contrast to chol hamoed)